SciCombinator

A 30-year-old woman presented with an uncomplicated pregnancy until ultrasonography at 19 weeks revealed severe oligohydramnios and a fetus that appeared to be extrauterine. Imaging confirmed an abdominal ectopic pregnancy, with no uterine wall visible surrounding the fetus.

To compare sildenafil plus hydration with hydration alone in improving the amniotic fluid index and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by idiopathic oligohydramnios ( amniotic fluid index less than 5 cm without underlying maternal or fetal causes and with normal fetal growth).

To determine the effect, if any, of an increasing maternal body mass index (BMI) on sonographically diagnosed oligohydramnios in late gestation and how it subsequently affects obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Fetal weight estimation is one of the most important aspects of antenatal care. The effects of amniotic fluid volume on the accuracy of estimated fetal weight (EFW) depend on the amount of fluid, in particular whether it is polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios. Previous studies have reported conflicting results of the effects of amniotic fluid volume on EFW accuracy.

The evaluation of amniotic fluid volume (AFV) is an established part of the antenatal surveillance of pregnancies at risk for an adverse pregnancy outcome. The two most commonly used ultrasound techniques to estimate AFV are the amniotic fluid index (AFI) and the single deepest pocket (SDP). Four studies have defined normal AFVs, and although their normal volumes have similarities, there are also differences primarily due to the statistical methodology used in each study. Dye-determined AFV correlates with ultrasound estimates for normal fluid volumes but correlates poorly for oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios. The addition of color Doppler in estimating AFV leads to the overdiagnosis of oligohydramnios. Neither the AFI nor the SDP is superior in identifying oligohydramnios, but the SDP is a better measurement choice as the use of AFI increases the diagnosis rate of oligohydramnios and labor inductions without an improvement in pregnancy outcomes.

A recent study found that Salvia miltiorrhiza extract substantially increased amniotic fluid index in women with oligohydramnios. Abnormal aquaporin (AQP) expression is associated with oligohydramnios. This study aims to investigate the effect of tanshinone IIA, the major lipophilic component in the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, on the function and expression of AQPs in human amniotic epithelial WISH cells and the molecular mechanism underlying the effect.

Oligohydramnios is a known obstetric complication which is associated with operative interferences and perinatal morbidity and mortality. l-arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide and may play a role in local vasodilatation. Administration of l-arginine has been suggested to improve amniotic fluid index (AFI) in oligohydramnios.

Feto-fetal transfusion syndrome is a pathological process unique to diamniotic monochorionic pregnancies. It is the consequence of an unbalanced fetal blood flow through communicating vessels within a shared placenta. When it occurs, a polyuric, hypervolemic recipient twin co-exists with a hypovolemic oliguric donor. The presence of polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios is considered a poor prognostic indicator, whereas normal amniotic fluid volumes indicate a lack of clinically significant twintwin transfusion. In addition, the spontaneous normalization of amniotic fluid volume is usually seen as a favorable prognostic sign. Here, however, we present a case of feto-fetal transfusion in a 31 year-old primigravida at 19 week, in which the spontaneous normalization of amniotic fluid volume in the recipient twin preceded the death of the donor.

To investigate the short- and long-term outcomes of children from pregnancies complicated with polyhydramnios, defined as amniotic fluid index (AFI) >24 cm, and with a normal detailed ultrasound examination.

To determine the association between the presence of oligohydramnios, determined as an amniotic fluid index ≤ 5 cm and the intra-amniotic inflammatory response, fetal inflammatory response and neonatal outcomes in actively managed preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM).